Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion or insulin action. Over the years, attempts to regulate diabetics therapeutically through glycemic control have reduced complications and trauma associated with the disease. Aim of this study was to compare efficacy of incretin-based versus non-incretin based therapies on type-2 diabetic patients and a hospital based cross-sectional comparative study was conducted. Sixty type-2 diabetic patients who received non-incretin and thirty who received incretin based therapies were randomly selected for the study. The mean total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, serum urea and serum creatinine were significantly lower in patients who received incretin-based therapies than those who received non-incretin based therapies. The mean high density lipoprotein was also significantly increased among the incretin based treated group. The mean body mass index and fasting blood sugar were lower in the incretin-based compared to non-incretin based treated patients. Female had insignificantly higher level of blood sugar, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, serum urea, body mass index and lower level of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and serum creatinine compared to male in both groups. Incretin-based therapy helps normalize lipid profiles, blood sugar level, body mass index and also improves kidney clearance pattern.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem world-wide and is a significant health care challenge of this century [1]
Majority of the diabetic patients who received nonincretin based therapies were treated with metformin and Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH) 29 (32.2%) as combination therapy and majority of the patients who received incretin-based therapy were treated with Galvusmet 11(12.2%)
Majority of the diabetic patients who received non-insulin based therapies were treated with metformin 14 (15.6%) and majority of the patients who received incretin-based therapy were treated with Onglyza 7(7.8%) among the groups on single therapy
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem world-wide and is a significant health care challenge of this century [1]. It was estimated that 425 million people live with diabetes with 5 million deaths annually and the total global health expenditure due to diabetes was estimated at 673 billion US dollars [2] It is a metabolic endocrine disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism due to deficiencies in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Complications of DM may affect the functioning of various organ systems, and account for much of the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease [4]. These chronic complications can be broadly classified into two major categories: vascular and non-vascular. Vascular complications are further divided according to whether they are microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy) or macrovascular
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