Abstract
The carbohydrate epitope Galα1-3Gal-R (α-galactosyl epitope), which is detectable by its binding with Bandeiraea simplicifolia-IB 4 lectin, was found in glycosphingolipids (GSLs), both neutral and acidic (gangliosides), from lens tissues of non-primate mammals, but not in those of human senile cataracts and Old World monkeys. Instead, human cataractous and Old World monkey non-cataractous lenses expressed Lewis x (Le x) epitopes (Galβ1-4(Fucα 1-3)GlcNAc-R) in neutral GSLs. Sialylated Le x epitopes were found in rat and pig lenses as well as in human and Old World monkey lenses. Ganglio-series gangliosides, consisting mainly of GM3, GM1, GD1a and GD3, were detected in a species-specific fashion. On the other hand, α-galactosyl epitopes were expressed in lens tissues only in water-insoluble proteins of non-primate mammals, but Le x and sialylated Le x epitopes were not detectable in lens proteins. Among the several mammalian lenses examined, humans and Old World monkeys showed similar GSL compositions, in particular the presence of Le x and sialylated Le x epitopes and the absence of α-galactosyl epitopes, in lens tissue.
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