Abstract
Abstract At the global level, there are many different front-of-pack nutrition labels and there is not yet established a convergence. To promote healthier food, Governments and manufacturers try to provide more nutritional information on food labels. Changes in food labeling policy depend on how consumers and companies react to changes in the market. The paper is based on the current regulations that exist worldwide. The analysis covered the period between 1980 and 2021. This study increases the attention of all stakeholders involved in the front-of-pack nutrition labelling debate. In this regard it is relevant to present the advantages and disadvantages, the similarities and the differences of front-of-pack nutrition labelling, because each one is unique, so it is hard to compare them by using the same criteria. The paper brings into the spotlights different policies from different countries that aim to educate the consumers about the content of food, the case of front-of-pack food labeling, that represents a social responsibility issue, especially for health and obesity prevention, no communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, due to the important role played. Our results show that there are key items, in terms of social responsibility, companies should take into account when planning their strategies and may help also the investors in food manufacturing companies with an increased interest in social information to request and understand the importance of the front-of-pack nutrition labelling of companies they want to invest in. It is important to understand the label of products that we buy, to be able to choose wisely. Our research is important for the business to advance in disclosure on the pack of food of relevant information, as well for the academic community regarding the front-of-pack nutrition labelling, as a responsibility issue. Future research is needed since there is a variety of front-of-pack nutrition labelling and is changing constantly.
Highlights
Obesity is a growing problem resulting from different factors including social, individual, environmental ones (Ogden et al, 2006; Draper et al, 2013)
Within this paper we investigated the regulations that exist worldwide to motivate consumers to eat healthier products, we identified the key labeling models for packed products, we performed a literature review on existing studies on FOPNL, we mapped the current rules and regulations of FOPNL worldwide, we proposed recommendations to improve FOPNL and to encourage a unique FOPNL, we demonstrated that food labeling is protecting industry revenues, it is not seen like social responsibility, more like alignment to government regulations, we demonstrated that food labeling should not offend any company
According to the literature review carried out, we discovered that the first initiative of FOPNL was in 1980 when it started action on salt
Summary
Obesity is a growing problem resulting from different factors including social, individual, environmental ones (Ogden et al, 2006; Draper et al, 2013). In 2015, across the OECD (2017), 19.5% of the adult population was obese (Figure 1). This rate ranges from less than 6% in Korea and Japan to more than 30% in Hungary, New Zealand, Mexico, and the United States. More than one in four adults is obese in Australia, Canada, Chile, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Overweight and obesity rates have grown rapidly in England, Mexico, and the United States since the 1990s. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity has increased in Canada, France, Mexico, Switzerland, and the United States, while it has stabilized in England, Italy, Korea, and Spain. There is, no clear sign of retrenchment of the epidemic, in any country, and one in six children is obese
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