Comparative study of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in normal subjects and patients with documented coronary artery disease

Abstract

The incidence, types and patterns of emergence of treadmill exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias were studied in 482 subjects with and without coronary heart disease. All subjects were free of premature ventricular complexes at rest and were classified into groups on the basis of their clinical status. In Group IA were 141 patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms and in Group IB 144 age-matched subjects free of clinical evidence of heart disease. Group II consisted of 197 patients with chest pain and arteriographically documented coronary artery disease. Patients in Group IA and II exercised to at least 85 percent of their predicted maximal heart rate or until chest pain occurred. Subjects in Group IB underwent maximal exercise testing. The total incidence of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias was 16 percent in Group IA, 44 percent in Group IB and 29 percent in Group II. However, when exercise heart rate at the time of appearance of ventricular arrhythmias was taken into account the incidence of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias up to a heart rate of 130/min was 27 percent in the patients with documented coronary artery disease (Group II) compared with rates of 9 and 6 percent, respectively, for Groups IA and IB ( P < 0.001). The incidence rates of multifocal ventricular premature complexes, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular premature complexes at a rate of more than 10/min were also significantly greater at submaximal heart rates in the patients with coronary disease. Patients with three vessel coronary artery disease and abnormal left ventricular wall motion had a significantly greater incidence of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias. The incidence of exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary disease and a positive S-T segment response was not significantly increased.