Comparative Study of Energy Efficient Routing Techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks

Rachid Zagrouba,Amine Kardi

doi:10.3390/info12010042

Abstract

This paper surveys the energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It provides a classification and comparison following a new proposed taxonomy distinguishing nine categories of protocols, namely: Latency-aware and energy-efficient routing, next-hop selection, network architecture, initiator of communication, network topology, protocol operation, delivery mode, path establishment and application type. We analyze each class, discuss its representative routing protocols (mechanisms, advantages, disadvantages…) and compare them based on different parameters under the appropriate class. Simulation results of LEACH, Mod-LEACH, iLEACH, E-DEEC, multichain-PEGASIS and M-GEAR protocols, conducted under the NS3 simulator, show that the routing task must be based on various intelligent techniques to enhance the network lifespan and guarantee better coverage of the sensing area.

Highlights

IntroductionEnabled by advances in intelligent systems, distributed signal processing and wireless communication technologies, and motivated by military and civil applications, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) recognized a new generation of a multi-functional sensor able to capture various types of environmental and physical conditions and characterized by their low battery, low data processing capacity, small size and ability to move around and organize themselves into a network [1,2,3]
Enabled by advances in intelligent systems, distributed signal processing and wireless communication technologies, and motivated by military and civil applications, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) recognized a new generation of a multi-functional sensor able to capture various types of environmental and physical conditions and characterized by their low battery, low data processing capacity, small size and ability to move around and organize themselves into a network [1,2,3].These limited characteristics bring the necessity to achieve efficient management of the routing task in order to the increase the network lifespan [4]
Taking into account their mechanisms and parameters, we proposed in a previous work a new overall taxonomy dividing routing protocols in WSNs into nine categories, as shown in Figure 1 [26]

Summary

Introduction

Enabled by advances in intelligent systems, distributed signal processing and wireless communication technologies, and motivated by military and civil applications, WSNs recognized a new generation of a multi-functional sensor able to capture various types of environmental and physical conditions and characterized by their low battery, low data processing capacity, small size and ability to move around and organize themselves into a network [1,2,3] These limited characteristics bring the necessity to achieve efficient management of the routing task in order to the increase the network lifespan [4]. The aim of our work is to provide a survey of these protocols following a new classification model presented in previous work

Objectives

Results

Conclusion