Abstract
Background and Aims: Hypertension is a common health problem. Left ventricular hypertrophy, a condition in hypertension is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure. This study aims to detect left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients using Electrocardiography and echocardiography. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study; 143 patients of Hypertension from February 2019 to August 2019 were enrolled. They were evaluated for left ventricular hypertrophy using electrocardiography and echocardiography. Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell Voltage electrocardiographic criteria were used and their sensitivities and specificities to detect left ventricular hypertrophy were calculated taking echocardiography as a gold standard method. Results: The mean age of the study population was 58.69 ± 11.33 years. Mean duration of hypertension was 4.72 ±3.2 years. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 137 ± 15.42 mmHg and 84 ± 10.5 mmHg respectively. Out of 143 study population, 30(21%) of them had left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography as defined by Sokolow-Lyon criteria, and 29(20.3%) had left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography as per Cornell Voltage criteria. On combining both Sokolow-Lyon and Cornell Voltage criteria, 37(25.9%) of the study population had left ventricular hypertrophy on electrocardiography (either as per Sokolow-Lyon or Cornell Voltage criteria). On echocardiography, 62(43.4%) of them were found to have left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusions: Electrocardiography is a less sensitive tool to diagnose Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in hypertension but its specificity is high (>95%). Investigation of choice to detect Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in hypertensive people is still the echocardiography.
Highlights
Hypertension is a disease affecting about 65.4% of people aged over 60 years and is responsible for 6% of all deaths worldwide
The lower sensitivity of ECG as compared to other imaging modalities has been put as a limitation of ECG to diagnose Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).[5]
This study aims to compare different ECG LVH criteria and find out their sensitivity and specificity to diagnose LVH in hypertensive people taking ECHO as a gold standard method
Summary
Hypertension is a disease affecting about 65.4% of people aged over 60 years and is responsible for 6% of all deaths worldwide. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensive patients is common, readily detectable, and treatable condition. Left ventricular hypertrophy is considered as an important risk factor for adverse cardiovascular morbidity and fatal outcomes that can be detected by electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHO).[1] The electrocardiogram is an available and cost effective tool to evaluate LVH. The twodimensional echocardiography is referred to as the gold standard tool to evaluate for LVH.[2] If LVH is detected early, it helps in guiding therapeutic options to change the course of events to a significant measure.[3] Though the specificities of ECG criteria to find LVH are high (>90%), its sensitivities are in the lower range 20-60%.4. A condition in hypertension is a risk factor for myocardial infarction, stroke and heart failure. This study aims to detect left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients using Electrocardiography and echocardiography
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