Abstract
This paper presents a comparative analysis between a pure battery electric vehicle and a dual-source electric vehicle endowed with a multi-level energy management strategy. The energy management of multi-source electric vehicles is a crucial aspect to obtain an effective contribution of the power sources, namely one with high specific energy and another with high specific power. This issue is particularly relevant for electric vehicles subject to high accelerations, breaking and those performing a large number of start and stop in its driving cycle. A comprehensive energy management system architecture with different management levels is presented and compared with a rule-based strategy (power disaggregation) and a pure battery electric vehicle. Simulations have been performed for two different urban driving cycles (NYCC and ARTEMIS low power urban) in order to validate and compare the effectiveness of the strategies under study. The results obtained show the usefulness of the proposed multi-level energy management strategy based on an integrated rule-based meta-heuristic approach versus an energy management strategy directed by the power disaggregation concept. The proposed approach increases the electric vehicle performance due to a better usage of the sources, which leads to a reduced installed power capacity.
Highlights
New vehicular applications, namely Electric Vehicles (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) have been developed in recent years contributing to reach the zero emissions target and achieve more sustainable transportation solutions
The study presented in this paper aims at evaluating the performance of two topologies and two Energy Management Strategy (EMS) for a hybridized dual-source EV based on batteries and SCs
The results show that the EMS attempts to maximize the use of SCs and transfers energy from the batteries to the SCs during the standstill phase when no power is required from the sources
Summary
Namely Electric Vehicles (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) have been developed in recent years contributing to reach the (local) zero emissions target and achieve more sustainable transportation solutions. In order to increase the performance and autonomy of EV an extensive work has been performed on the selection of power sources and the proposal of innovative energy management strategies that promote energy efficiency by capturing the regenerative energy retrieved from breaking and downhill. The most common and mature power sources candidates suitable for EVs are batteries (bat), Super-Capacitors (SC) and Fuel-Cells (FC). Despite power sources can be used separately, the use of multiple power sources in EV has gained acceptance, both among researchers and the automotive industry [1]. The hybridization of power sources in EV has clear advantages when compared with a single power source scenario. EVS27 International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium
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