Comparative study of clinical profile of patients with stroke in diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted to SIMS Shivamogga

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major risk factor for stroke. Stroke in diabetic patients is different from stroke in non-diabetics in many aspects. This study was carried out to with the aim to compare the clinical profile of patients with diabetic non-diabetic stroke, and its outcome. The objective of the study was to compare the clinical profile of stroke in diabetics and non-diabetics.Methods: The present study is a prospective case control observational study, carried out at Shivamogga Institute of Medical Sciences, Shivamogga. 100 patients with stroke were enrolled (out of which 50 patients were diabetic or found to have diabetes during hospital stay, and 50 were non-diabetic stroke patients). Other risk factors, clinical presentation and the pattern of stroke were evaluated.Results: The mean age in diabetic stroke patients was 56±9.93. and in non-diabetic stroke patients was 59.92±13.26. Percentage of male population in both groups were higher. Stroke patients in both study groups presented with history of motor weakness as their most common presenting complaint. 69% of diabetic patients had past history of hypertension compared to 21% in non-diabetic group. The mean blood sugar on admission was higher in diabetic group (221.87±76.16) compared with in non-diabetic group (133.12±44.68). Diabetic patients had greater percentage of ischemic stroke (65%) as compared to non-diabetic patients (33%). Hemorrhages were less in diabetic stroke patients (35%) as compared to non-diabetics (67%).Conclusions: Stroke in diabetic patients has a specific clinical pattern and a poor prognosis, which emphasizes the need for early diagnosis and treatment of every case of diabetes.