Abstract
The chemical composition and biological activity of a sample of yellow propolis from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil (EEP-Y MS), were investigated for the first time and compared with green, brown, and red types of Brazilian propolis and with a sample of yellow propolis from Cuba. Overall, EEP-Y MS had different qualitative chemical profiles, as well as different cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities when compared to the other types of propolis assessed in this study and it is a different chemotype of Brazilian propolis. Absence of phenolic compounds and the presence of mixtures of aliphatic compounds in yellow propolis were determined by analysing 1H-NMR spectra and fifteen terpenes were identified by GC-MS. EEP-Y MS showed cytotoxic activity against human tumour strain OVCAR-8 but was not active against Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria. Our results confirm the difficulty of establishing a uniform quality standard for propolis from diverse geographical origins. The most appropriate pharmacological applications of yellow types of propolis must be further investigated.
Highlights
Propolis is a beehive product popularly used to treat or prevent several disorders such as wound infections and respiratory conditions [1]
If compared with previous studies, our results showed that green propolis from Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais states was more effective at inhibiting Gram-positive bacteria, with Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 159 to 310 μg/mL, whereas Brazilian red propolis from Bahia state showed antibacterial action similar to other studies published
The chemical composition of a yellow propolis from Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil was analysed and its in vitro biological activity was assessed for the first time
Summary
Propolis is a beehive product popularly used to treat or prevent several disorders such as wound infections and respiratory conditions [1]. A brown type of propolis is found in the southern regions of Brazil (states of Paranaand Santa Catarina) [1, 4]. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine samples from northeast and south Brazil were found by Park et al [5] and classified in group 1 from southern region and groups 9 and 11 from northeast. Despite the great number of studies about Brazilian propolis, the chemical composition of propolis from the central-western region of Brazil has been scarcely investigated [4, 19]. Neither the chemical composition nor the pharmacological properties of yellow Brazilian propolis have been described so far. We investigated the chemical composition and cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities of a sample of yellow Brazilian propolis collected in the Pantanal ecosystem in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Four samples of typical Brazilian classes of propolis, green propolis from Sao Paulo (EEP-G SP), green propolis from Minas Gerais (EEP-G MG), red propolis from Bahia (EEP-R BA), brown propolis from Parana (EEP-B PR), and a sample of yellow propolis from Cuba (EMP-Y Cuba), were included in the study, permitting the direct comparison with the chemical characteristics and pharmacological potency of yellow propolis
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