Abstract
The morphophysiological and molecular-genetic parameters of T. caries isolates collected from various fields of Southern Urals agrocenoses have been analysed. Isolate 1 of wheat callus had a high growth rate in vitro even in the presence of 0.1 mg/l fungicide Baitan. Isolate 2 of wheat callus had a low growth rate whereas 0.1 mg/l Baitan significantly inhibited its growth. Comparison of nucleotide sequences of 18S RNA gene of the two isolates showed high level of homology between them, but a large number of nucleotide substitutions have been found. The most characteristic excision was five nucleotides at position 461 of the isolate 2, compared with the isolate 1. Our results allow to assume that the environmental stress including high pesticide concentration may cause the resistance of T. caries pathogen to fungicides.
Highlights
Smut fungi are placed among common harmful pathogens of crops whose control is an urgent task [1]
Using the co-culture we have investigated some mechanisms of plant cell resistance to T. caries including the one under the influence of fungicide Baitan [15]
The physiological differences between natural isolates of T. caries could be caused by sexual process which is the basis of their new forms and races formation [2]
Summary
Smut fungi are placed among common harmful pathogens of crops whose control is an urgent task [1]. It was found that teliospores T. caries, isolated from the production of crops in South-steppe (isolate 1) germinated after 8 - 11 days after inoculation, and after 20 days the aerial mycelium covered 25% - 40% of the surface area of the callus cultured on medium Murashige and Skoog (MS).
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