Comparative study between laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and laparoscopic gastric bypass: single-institution, 5-year experience in bariatric surgery

Abstract

Background Laparoscopic Roux-en- Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) are common surgical procedures for morbid obesity. Few single-institution studies have compared LRYGB and LAGB. Methods All patients underwent LRYGB or LAGB at Legacy Health System. The data for the study were obtained from a prospectively maintained database. Preoperatively, most patients were allowed to choose between LRYGB and LAGB. Age, gender, body mass index, complications, mortality, and weight loss were examined. Results From October 2000 to October 2005, 492 patients underwent LRYGB and 406 patients underwent LAGB. The mean age was 44 ± 10 and 47 ± 11 years, respectively ( P <.001). The mean preoperative body mass index was 49 ± 8 and 51 ± 9 kg/m 2 ( P <.05). Patients undergoing LRYGB had longer operative times (134 ± 41 min versus 68 ± 26 min, P <.001) and longer hospital stays (2.5 ± 3.5 d versus 1.1 ± 1.1 d, P <.001). Blood loss was minimal in both groups. The percentage of excess weight loss was significantly better for patients who underwent LRYGB at all points of follow-up, except at 5 years. Total complications occurred in 32% of patients who underwent LRYGB and 24% of patients who underwent LAGB ( P = .002). The 90-day mortality rate was .2% in both groups. The reoperation rate was the same (17%) in both groups. Conclusions Patients undergoing LAGB had shorter operative times and shorter hospital stays compared with patients undergoing LRYGB. LAGB was associated with a lower complication rate. Early weight loss was significantly greater after LRYGB, but the data comparing long-term weight loss after LRYGB and LAGB have been inconclusive.