Abstract
Forty Guinea pigs (1-2 month old) were divided into 4 equal groups to study the efficacy of treatment of facioliasis with triclabendazole (TCBZ) and mirazid. Group (Gp.1) was the control, GPs (2-4) were orally inoculated with 20 Fasciola gigantic metacercariae (FGM) for each as a single dose by using stomach tube. Gps (3 and 4) were treated orally, with TCBZ, as a single dose (36 mg/Kg Bw) and mirazid 200 mg/Kg Bw for six successive days respectively. The drugs were administered in the 8th week post-infection to evaluate their efficacy against adult stages of Fasciola gigantica. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 1st and 2nd week post treatment for hematological and serum biochemical examination. TCBZ treated groups (GP 3) showed macrocytic hypochromic anemia, which disappeared at the end of the 2nd week post treatment. Heterophilia, esinophilia and lymphopenia were encountered in non treated group (GP 2) and mirazid treated group (GP 4). The liver transaminase (ALT, AST), gamma glytamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as well as total bilirubin, urea and creatinine, were elevated while serum albumin was decreased in GP (2) and returned to the normal value in GP (3) and GP (4) after two weeks post-treatment. It could be concluded that; the triclabendazole is more effective than mirazid in the treatment of Fasciola gigantica infection. Further research should be done for more precise knowledge about the efficacy of mirazid as a fasciolicidal drug.
Highlights
Distomiasis is among the most important parasitic diseases that affect the domesticated and wild animal besides man all over the world
Mirazid is a new herbal antihelmintic drug formed from myrrh extract that is derived from Commiphora molmol (C. molmol) tree, family burseraceae
Regarding to the leukogram in the investigated groups, there was heterophilia, eosinophilia and lymphopenia in both infected non-treated and mirazid treated groups as compared with the control group, while the leukogram return to normal at 2 weeks post treated with TCBZ (Tables 3 and 4)
Summary
Distomiasis is among the most important parasitic diseases that affect the domesticated and wild animal besides man all over the world. Triclabendazole (TCBZ), benzimidazole antihelmintic drug, unlike other broad spectrum benzimidazole drugs it shows only marginal activity against liver fluke, its efficacy appears to be restricted to both adult and juvenile flukes of F. hepatica, F. gigantica and F. magna. It’s one of the oldest known medicinal plants used by ancient Egyptians for medical purposes as well as in mummification. It had been licensed for medical use in Egypt as a trematodicidal drug with high efficacy and safety. As it is well tolerated with a wide margin of safety for the liver, kidneys, hemopoietic system and chromosomes. It is non-mutagenic besides it can be repeated for a long period [3]
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