Abstract
In this study, two new polysaccharides were extracted from the fruiting bodies of Boletus aereus and Pleurotus cornucopiae, respectively. The results of structure identification showed that BA-T was composed of xylose residues, glucose residues and galactose residues, and the ratio is 3:6:6. The BA-T takes 1,6-glucose and 1,6-galactose as skeletons, extends a branched chain from galactose 2-O to connect 1,4-xylose, and connects β-4-glucose terminal monosaccharide to xylose. PC-1 was composed of of xylose, glucose and galactose in the ratio of 2:8:2 and takes 1,6-glucose as skeletons, extends a branched chain from galactose 4-O to connect (1→4,,6)-α-D-Glcp and (1→2,6)-α-D-galactose, and →4)-β-D-Glcp and →1)-α-D-Xylp as terminal group. The results of immunoactivity showed that BA-T and PC-1 have the proliferation activity of B cells, T cells and RAW264.7 cells in vitro, and the effect of BA-T on the proliferation of T cells was the greatest. The results of RNA-sequencing showed that the protein synthesis and metabolism of T cells are more vigorous under the stimulation of BA-T, and oxidative phosphorylation is the main energy source in the process of T cell proliferation.
Highlights
In recent years, natural polysaccharides have received increasing attention in the biomedical field, because they have significant anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities, and have low toxic side effects (Valverde et al, 2015)
The results of structure identification by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) showed that BA-T was composed of xylose residues, glucose residues and galactose residues, and the ratio is 3:6:6
In accordance with FT-IR, monosaccharide composition and methylation results of PC-1, it was inferred that PC-1 takes 1,6-glucose as skeletons, extends a branched chain from galactose 4-O to connect (1→4,6)-α-D-Glcp and
Summary
Natural polysaccharides have received increasing attention in the biomedical field, because they have significant anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities, and have low toxic side effects (Valverde et al, 2015). Fungal polysaccharide is a kind of natural macromolecular substance, which usually contains primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures (Meng et al, 2016). Since the first confirmation of lentinan’s anti-tumor activity in 1968, fungal polysaccharides have been widely concerned in the fields of health food and biomedicine due to their anti-virus, antioxidation, anti-tumor, immune regulation and other biological activities, as well as their safety and non toxicity (Chihara et al, 1987). Craterellus cornucopioides polysaccharide can induce RAW264.7 cell activation and significantly improve its proliferation activity in a certain concentration range (Guo et al, 2019). Tricholoma matsutake polysaccharide can promote the proliferation of lymphocytes and macrophages in vitro, enhance the phagocytic capacity of macrophages, and promote macrophages to secrete cytokines (TNF)- α (Byeon et al, 2009)
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