Abstract
We compare the optical properties of Er3☎ in LiNbO3 waveguides produced by different techniques and find by confocal luminescence microscopy characteristic differences in the excitation and emission transitions. Besides a small redistribution among the regular defect sites, essentially no direct Er3☎—Ti4☎ interaction can be observed in Ti4☎ diffused waveguides. However a significant shift in transition energies is found, which increases with Ti4☎concentration. Based on earlier results we associate this shift with a decrease in the intrinsic electric field. In addition to a similar shift, we find in Zn2☎ diffused waveguides new defect types which suggest a change in direct environment. Finally, in annealed proton exchange waveguides we find no interaction effects at all.
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