Abstract
Background and Objective: Some species from genus Artemisia were used in ancient medicine since Pharaonic civilization, most species of this genus are grown in arid or desert zones in Egypt. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the essential oils of three species of Artemisia ( Artemisia sieberi , Artemisia judaica and Artemisia monosperma ) grown in Egypt. Materials and Methods: Chemical constituent of the essential oils of these species were analysed by GC-MS, antibacterial activities were carried out using disc-diffusion test and antioxidant properties were investigated with Iron, Fe (III) to Fe (II) reduction and DPPH radical scavenging capacity. Results: The results of chemical analysis revealed similarity between the three species in 20 compounds, the major compounds identified in essential oils were verbenol, (7.5 % and 11.51%) in A. sieberi and A. monosperma , I²-caryophyllene oxide (1.25 % – 0.78%) and Methyl jasmonate (0.9 % and 1.21 %) in A. sieberi and A. judaica , respectively. While the major compound in A. judaica was Lilac alcohol C (9.6%) and camphor (4.5%). The antibacterial investigation exhibited significant and broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy of A. monosperma and A. judaica against different strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Whereas, A. sieberi showed higher antibacterial efficacy against the gram-positive bacteria but weak or no effect against the Gram-negative bacteria. The results of the antioxidant investigation showed that A. sieberi present the higher reduction capacity with an IC 50 of 0.17 ± 0.03g/L, followed by A. judaica with an IC 50 of 0.58 ± 0.04g/L and A. monosperma with an IC 50 of 6.35 ± 0.41g/L. However, the reducing capacity of ascorbic acid and quercetin were 0.091 ± 0.002g/L and 0.026 ± 0.002g/L respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the essential oils of A. sieberi , A. judaica and A. monosperm a possesses significant antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which attributed to the plenty of varied chemical compounds in these medicinal plants.
Highlights
Medicinal plants and natural products have attracted the scientific interest all over the globe, medicinal plants are essential components of primary health care for up to 80% of the Earth’s inhabitants, they are intervened in 11% of up to 252 drugs of modern pharmaceutical industries[1].Essential oils are important compounds used in traditional medicine extensively in industries
The optimal yield was observed in A. judaica (2.1%) followed by A. sieberi (1.8% ) the lowest yield was observed in A. monosperma (1.2%)
The results showed the major compounds of A. sieberi, which were Verbenol (11.51%) Lilac alcohol C (8.0 %), Methyl jasmonate (0.9%), Eucalyptol (0.78%), Table 1: Percentage composition and retention time of essential oils of the tested Artemsia spp
Summary
Medicinal plants and natural products have attracted the scientific interest all over the globe, medicinal plants are essential components of primary health care for up to 80% of the Earth’s inhabitants, they are intervened in 11% of up to 252 drugs of modern pharmaceutical industries[1].Essential oils are important compounds used in traditional medicine extensively in industries. Artemisia is genus of small herbs and shrubs, belong to Asteraceae, comprises over 500 species, which are mostly found in Asia, Europe and North America Number of these genus member of Anthemideae tribe which is famous with medicinal and ethnopharmacological properties is prescribed in the cosmetic, flavor and fragrance industries[4]. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the essential oils of three species of Artemisia (Artemisia sieberi, Artemisia judaica and Artemisia monosperma) grown in Egypt. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the essential oils of A. sieberi, A. judaica and A. monosperma possesses significant antioxidant and antibacterial activity, which attributed to the plenty of varied chemical compounds in these medicinal plants
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