Comparative studies between six taxa of Amaranthaceae based on their effects on some pathogenic bacterial isolates and morphological characters.

Abstract

The present study illustrated the comparative studies among six taxa of Amaranthaceae based on antimicrobial effects and macromorphological traits. The antimicrobial effects data concluded by of their chloroform extracts and the macromorphological characters described were stem, lamina features, spike, flower and fruits. Using disk diffusion assay, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus pasteuri demonstrated a multiple resistance against 37% and 64% of the tested antibiotics, respectively. The selected six taxa were tested as antimicrobial agents against Brevibacterium lines, Staphylococcus pasteuri and Klebsiella pneumonia. Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to all extracts. The growth of Staphylococcus pasteuri was inhibited at a lower dose (1.5mg/well) using Amaranthus viridis and Digera muricata extracts. It had begun inhibition at 3mg/well against the others extracts and reached to the maximum inhibition at 6 mg/well using Amaranthus viridis.The lowest growth of Brevibacterium linens inhibition was at 1.5 mg/well using Amaranthus viridis, Digera muricata, Aerva javanica, and Amaranthus hybridus. However, the lower inhibition using both of Amaranthus graecizans and Aerva lanata was at 3mg/well and gave the highest inhibition with Digera muricata at 6 mg/well. Both A. hybridus and A. viridis were recorded as closely species while Aerva javanica and A. viridis were distantly related species. Similarity index (SI) and cluster analysis were constructed and the phenogram was generated among them based on 34 characters (22 morphological characters and 12 antimicrobal assay).