Comparative Аssessment of Еmission Рroducts Distribution from Siberian Aluminum Plants

Abstract

The results of a comparative analysis of the distribution of the components of the Bratsk (BrAZ), Irkutsk (IrkAZ), Sayanogorsk (SAZ) and Krasnoyarsk (KrAZ) aluminum components emissions from the air onto the snow cover are presented. It was found that the dependence of the decrease in the concentration of fluorine, sodium and lithium in the snow cover with distance from these industries is exponential. The same course of changes in the concentrations of Al, F, Ca, Mg, Li, Si, As, Zn, Sr, Sb in the snow water filtrate in the KrAZ, BrAZ and IrkAZ emissions zones was established. This course of concentration changes differs from that of the same elements in the background region. Based on the calculation of the element enrichment coefficient in the solid sediment of the snow cover, the anthropogenic origin of Zn, As, Sb in the region of influence of BrAZ and KrAZ emissions is shown. Based on the calculation of the element enrichment factor in snow water, the natural origin of Zn, As, Sb in snow water is shown in the area of impact of BrAZ and KrAZ emissions (from 1 km to 5–7 km). It is suggested to reduce fluoride emissions in the source by using lithium additives in the electrolyte. To reduce the emission distribution range, it is suggested to precipitate the aerosols included in the emissions within a radius chosen based on the exponential dependence of the deposition, and also to apply the approaches of ecological landscaping and improvement of the industrial territory.