Abstract
Comparative mapping and sequencing was used to characterize the sites of ancestral chromosomal fusions in the Indian muntjac genome.
Highlights
Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis) has an extreme mammalian karyotype, with only six and seven chromosomes in the female and male, respectively
bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) isolation, mapping, and characterization We reasoned that Indian muntjac BACs containing regions corresponding to ancestral chromosome fusion sites would likely contain remnant telomeric-repeat sequences
The presence of various repeats in the isolated BACs typically resulted in complex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) patterns, as illustrated Figure 1
Summary
Indian muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak vaginalis) has an extreme mammalian karyotype, with only six and seven chromosomes in the female and male, respectively. Chinese muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) has a more typical mammalian karyotype, with 46 chromosomes in both sexes. Despite this disparity, the two muntjac species are morphologically similar and can even interbreed to produce viable (albeit sterile) offspring. The total genome size in Chinese and Indian muntjacs is believed to differ only slightly, with haploid C-values of 2.7 and 2.1 pg, respectively [7]; as such, the physical chromosome lengths vary tremendously between the species. Muntjacs are thought to have been subjected to the fastest rate of evolutionary change with respect to chromosome number among the vertebrate lineages [10]
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