Abstract
Verticillium wilt is threatening cotton productivity globally. This disease is caused by soil-borne Verticillium dahliae which directly infects cotton roots, and exclusively colonizes and occludes xylem vessels, finally resulting in necrosis, defoliation, and most severely, plant death. For the first time, iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) was applied to screen the differentially expressed proteins of Gossypium thurberi inoculated with V. dahliae. A total of 6533 proteins were identified from the roots of G. thurberi after inoculation with V. dahliae, and 396 showed up- and 279 down-regulated in comparison to a mock-inoculated roots. Of these identified proteins, the main functional groups were those involved in cell wall organization and reinforcement, disease-resistant chemicals of secondary metabolism, phytohormone signaling, pathogenesis-related proteins, and disease-resistant proteins. Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that peroxidase activity, which promotes the biosynthesis and accumulation of lignin, was induced early in the hypocotyl after inoculation with V. dahliae. Similarly, salicylic acid also accumulated significantly in hypocotyl of the seedlings after inoculation. These findings provide an important knowledge of the molecular events and regulatory networks occurring during G. thurberi-V. dahliae interaction, which may provide a foundation for breeding disease-resistance in cotton.
Highlights
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important fiber crop and one of the sources for edible oil and protein [1]
We have primarily investigated the differentially expressed proteins involved in the molecular events of resistance to V. dahliae infection by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), which showed the upregulation of the proteins most likely involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses, signal transduction, protein processing and degradation, and other processes [8]
In order to identify the successful colonization of V. dahliae in inoculated seedlings, the pathogen- and mock-inoculated roots were sampled at 1.0 h after inoculation
Summary
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important fiber crop and one of the sources for edible oil and protein [1]. V. dahliae [2,3,4] Severe outbreaks of this disease can cause yield reductions of up to 30% [5]. Fungicides and chemicals means have proven ineffective at controlling Verticillium wilt, some cultural practices such as appropriate seeding and crop rotation can suppress the development of the disease to some extent [6]. Were sensitive to Verticillium wilt, variation in resistance to Verticillium wilt was identified among different cotton cultivars or germplasm resources [7,8]. Using these resistant cultivars or genetic resource, progress has been made to characterize cotton defense in response to V. dahliae infection
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