Abstract
Rice yield and quality are adversely affected by high temperatures, and these effects are more pronounced at the ‘milky stage’ of the rice grain ripening phase. Identifying the functional proteins involved in the response of rice to high temperature stress may provide the basis for improving heat tolerance in rice. In the present study, a comparative proteomic analysis of paired, genetically similar heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive rice lines was conducted. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) revealed a total of 27 differentially expressed proteins in rice grains, predominantly from the heat-tolerant lines. The protein profiles clearly indicated variations in protein expression between the heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive rice lines. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) analysis revealed that 25 of the 27 differentially displayed proteins were homologous to known functional proteins. These homologous proteins were involved in biosynthesis, energy metabolism, oxidation, heat shock metabolism, and the regulation of transcription. Seventeen of the 25 genes encoding the differentially displayed proteins were mapped to rice chromosomes according to the co-segregating conditions between the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and the target genes in recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The proteins identified in the present study provide a basis to elucidate further the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation of rice to high temperature stress.
Highlights
Climate change and abiotic stress affect agriculture and crop production adversely
Proteomic analysis is an effective method to investigate the integral changes at the protein level in plants during environmental stress (Lee et al, 2006; Yan et al, 2006)
Some proteins that respond to high temperature during rice grain development were identified, which will help with understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of rice to high temperature during the ripening period
Summary
Climate change and abiotic stress affect agriculture and crop production adversely. Among the various climatic factors affecting agriculture, temperature is one of the most important because higher temperatures adversely affect plant growth and yield (Jagadish et al, 2010; Chauhan et al, 2011; Zou et al, 2011; Madan et al, 2012). It is imperative that crops are able to adjust to higher temperatures in the near future to be productive and survive. Rice is one of the major cereal crops consumed by humans. Because it originated in tropical and subtropical areas, it has some ability to endure high temperatures. The growth of normal rice can be impaired in temperatures above a certain threshold (Welch et al, 2010). The yield and quality of the japonica cultivars of rice are influenced
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