Abstract
Objective: To establish the quality control parameters for two varieties of Clitoria ternatea among which one is medicinally important whereas second is ornamental. Method: The pharmacognostic studies were focused on macroscopy, qualitative and quantitative microscopy, physicochemical parameters, quantitative estimation of phenolics, flavonoid and also the TLC profiling with two phenolics (caffeic and ferulic acid) and two terpenoid markers (lupeol and β-sitostrol). Results: The distinguishing macroscopical feature is white and blue colour of corolla while the microscopy showed more starch grains in root; variations in pericyclic fibers, xylem vessels and pith in stem and quantitative parameters of leaf. Some variations were also observed in physicochemical parameters. However, TLC fingerprint profiles of both the varieties showed similarities in the presence of lupeol, β-sitostrol, caffeic acid and ferulic acid. However, characteristic additional bands e.g. blue fluorescent band at Rf 0.38 under UV 366 nm and greyish blue band at Rf 0.58 under visible light after derivatization were observed only in white variety. Conclusion: Present study provided the scientific data for the proper identification and establishment of standards for the two varieties of C. ternatea and blue variety may be used as substitute of white variety with less therapeutic activity.
Highlights
Clitoria ternatea L. belongs to Family: Fabaceae commonly known as ‘Butterfly pea’ a perennial twining herb, found throughout India in tropical areas
Qualitative were done by hand cut sectioning in transverse planes best sections were picked out for mounting after the staining and dehydration were completed, quantitative microscopy for stomatal number, somatal index and palisade ratio were done by slide preparation after clearing
The results showed that the marker components viz. caffeic acid, ferulic acid, β-sitosterol and lupeol were present in both the varieties and these may be substituted to each other
Summary
Clitoria ternatea L. belongs to Family: Fabaceae commonly known as ‘Butterfly pea’ a perennial twining herb, found throughout India in tropical areas It is recommended for the treatment of snakebite, scorpion sting, chronic bronchitis, indigestion, constipation, fever, arthritis, eye ailments, sore throat, skin diseases, rheumatism, syphilis, eye and ear-diseases in India [1,2,3,4,5]; mental problems, epilepsy, insanity, for muscular strength and complexion tonics [6]; as a remedy for hemicranias and in swollen joints [7,8] beside this it is a good source of forage legumes in India [9]. An attempt has been made to standardize the two varieties through macro-microscopical, physico and phytochemical parameters
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