Comparative pharmacoeconomics and efficacy analysis of a new antibiotic adjuvant entity and piperacillin-tazobactam for the management of intra-abdominal infections: A retrospective study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo analyze the comparative efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam (PIP-TAZ) and ceftriaxone-sulbactam with adjuvant (CSA) in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) and to assess the costs associated with respective therapies. MethodsThe present study analyzed the data collected from 94 IAI patients treated at a tertiary-care hospital. Patient characteristics, infection types, surgical procedures, antibiotic therapies, treatment durations were recorded and overall cost involved in the infections management was estimated in Indian rupee. ResultsIn total, 46 patients received PIP-TAZ and 48 patients received CSA. The clinical cure was seen in 39.13% patients of PIP-TAZ group and 62.50% patients of CSA group. The patients diagnosed with mixed culture (Gram-positive and negative) infections, needed additional cover of clindamycin to achieve clinical success. The failure patients from PIP-TAZ group were shifted to meropenem therapy. For the patients where meropenem and CSA therapy failed, colistin was given as an additional cover. Comparative cost expenditure analysis of the two drug treatment groups revealed that, the overall treatment cost for patients cured with empirical PIP-TAZ group was 51.79% more than that of CSA therapy. The strongest predictor of the increase in treatment costs was clinical failure. Similar trends were maintained for the patients cured with clindamycin additional therapy and change of therapy, with PIP-TAZ group accounting 36.11% and 39.99% more expenditure than CSA group. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that CSA has comparatively higher efficacy as compared to PIP-TAZ when used along with metronidazole in patients with different types of IAIs. Pharmacoeconomic analysis clearly shows that starting appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy has a large impact on the cost of treatment in management of IAIs and selection of CSA, can significantly reduce the cost involved in the treatment.