Comparative Performance of NEMS‐S Surveys in Latino Corner Stores in the Greater Boston Area

Abstract

BackgroundIn diverse areas, culturally‐sensitive tools may better assess the food environment associated with diet.ObjectiveTo determine the availability of healthy foods in Latino corner stores (bodegas) to elucidate its relationship with culture.Methods: Three bodegas were selected from low‐income urban areas in Somerville, MA by field enumeration. The reference Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Stores (NEMS‐S) and a Guatemala NEMS‐S version were used to assess healthy food vs. regular food availability in bodegas. Both surveys were conducted in each bodega. Frequency and proportion of items were determined. Chi‐square tests assessed differences in availability by survey method across stores.Results: Bodegas have limited healthy foods as measured by the reference NEMS‐S. A greater availability of healthy foods in bodegas is indicated by the Guatemala NEMS‐S. All stores had 100% of the time, regular: milk, baked goods, soda, juice, chips, bread; diet soda; and 100% juice. Often, stores had skim milk, low‐sugar cereal, and wheat bread; but rarely, frozen dinners and low fat baked goods. Of the three vegetables added to the Guatemala NEMS‐S, at least one was available in two of the three stores; and of the six fruits added at least two were available in each store. No significant differences in availability by store were found.ConclusionsThe Guatemala NEMS‐S indicates a greater availability of healthy foods in bodegas than the reference NEMS‐S. Therefore, culture may impact food availability, as stores may cater towards specific ethnic populations. The existence of culturally‐specific stores needs consideration when creating healthy food policies.Funding: Tufts Undergraduate Research Fund