Comparative Mitogenomic Analysis of Two Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) with Preliminary Investigation into Phylogenetic Relationships of Tribes of Lamiinae.

Yifang Ren,Simone Sabatelli,Meike Liu,Paolo Audisio,Longyan Chen,Ping Wang,Wenkai Wang,Guanglin Xie,Huanhuan Lu,Chaojie Wang

doi:10.3390/insects12090820

Yifang Ren, Simone Sabatelli + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12090820

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Abstract

Simple SummaryMany species of Cerambycidae are important pests in the agriculture, forestry, and fruit industries, and which have research significance. The subfamily Lamiinae is the most taxonomically diverse subfamily of Cerambycidae, but relationships between the tribes of Lamiinae are still unresolved. In order to provide a new perspective on the phylogenetic relationships among the tribes of Lamiinae, the mitogenomes of two species representing two tribes, Agapanthia amurensis (Agapanthiini) and Moechotypa diphysis (Ceroplesini), were sequenced. We present annotated, complete mitogenomes of these two species, and the results of a comparative analysis of both mitogenomes. The two new mitogenomes were found to be highly conservative, as found in other Cerambycidae. We also reconstructed the phylogenetic trees using mitogenomes of 38 species/subspecies of Lamiinae. Overall, this study explores the phylogenetic position between some tribes based on mitogenomic data and provides a further basis for studying the evolution of Lamiinae.The subfamily Lamiinae is the most taxonomically diverse subfamily of Cerambycidae, but relationships between tribes of Lamiinae are still unresolved. In order to study the characteristics of the mitogenomes of Lamiinae and the tribal-level phylogenetic relationships, we sequenced the mitogenomes of two species representing two tribes, Agapanthia amurensis (Agapanthiini) and Moechotypa diphysis (Ceroplesini), with a total length of 15,512 bp and 15,493 bp, respectively. The gene arrangements of these two new mitogenomes were consistent with the inferred ancestral insect mitogenomes. Each species contained 37 typical mitochondrial genes and a control region (A + T-rich region), including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). All PCGs initiated with the standard start codon ATN, and terminated with the complete stop codons of TAA and TAG, or incomplete stop codon T. All tRNAs could be folded into a clover-leaf secondary structure except for trnS1, in which the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm was reduced. Moreover, we studied the phylogenetic relationships between some tribes of Lamiinae based in mitochondrial PCGs in nucleotides; our results show that the relationships were as follows: (Onciderini + ((Apomecynini + Acanthocinini) + ((Ceroplesini + Agapanthiini) + ((Mesosini + Pteropliini) + ((Dorcaschematini + (Saperdini 1 + (Phytoeciini + Saperdini 2))) + (Batocerini + Lamiini)))))).

Highlights

The family Cerambycidae is one of the largest families of the superfamily Chrysomeloidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga), consisting of a little less than 40,000 species, among which Lamiinae have about 20,000 species [1]
All protein-coding genes (PCGs) of two mitogenomes were identified based on finding the open reading frames (ORFs) and translated by Geneious v8.1.3 according to the invertebrate mitochondrial genetic code
The phylogenetic analyses were reconstructed by the Bayesian inference (BI) and the Maximum likelihood (ML) methods based on these two datasets

Summary

Introduction

The family Cerambycidae is one of the largest families of the superfamily Chrysomeloidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga), consisting of a little less than 40,000 species, among which Lamiinae have about 20,000 species [1]. Souza et al (2020) performed a study on the tribal classification of Lamiinae by molecular phylogenetic assessment [13] They confirmed the monophyly of Lamiinae, and suggested some synonyms for its tribes based on the fragments of two mitochondrial genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 and large ribosomal RNA subunit) and three nuclear genes (wingless, carbamoyl-phosphate synthase domain of the CAD locus, and large ribosomal rRNA subunit). Insect mitogenomes present unique features, such as maternal inheritance, low molecular weight, low recombination level, and fast evolutionary rate They are widely used as molecular markers in studies of classification, genetic evolution, and phylogenetic analysis [33,34,35].

Sample Preparation and DNA Extraction

Sequence Analysis

Phylogenetic Analysis

Results and Discussion

Transfer and Ribosomal RNA Genes

Conclusions