Comparative Lipidomic Profiling of S. cerevisiae and Four Other Hemiascomycetous Yeasts.

Eva-Maria Hein,Heiko Hayen

doi:10.3390/metabo2010254

Abstract

Glycerophospholipids (GP) are the building blocks of cellular membranes and play essential roles in cell compartmentation, membrane fluidity or apoptosis. In addition, GPs are sources for multifunctional second messengers. Whereas the genome and proteome of the most intensively studied eukaryotic model organism, the baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), are well characterized, the analysis of its lipid composition is still at the beginning. Moreover, different yeast species can be distinguished on the DNA, RNA and protein level, but it is currently unknown if they can also be differentiated by determination of their GP pattern. Therefore, the GP compositions of five different yeast strains, grown under identical environmental conditions, were elucidated using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to negative electrospray ionization-hybrid linear ion trap-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry in single and multistage mode. Using this approach, relative quantification of more than 100 molecular species belonging to nine GP classes was achieved. The comparative lipidomic profiling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces bayanus, Kluyveromyces thermotolerans, Pichia angusta, and Yarrowia lipolytica revealed characteristic GP profiles for each strain. However, genetically related yeast strains show similarities in their GP compositions, e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces bayanus.

Highlights

Lipidomic profiling methods reflect the lipid status of a phenotype at a particular time point [1,2,3]and are valuable tools to improve the understanding the biological roles of lipids
Kluyveromyces thermotolerans, Pichia angusta and Yarrowia lipolytica were chosen for the comparative study, as they are not closely related to each other
Saccharomyces bayanus was chosen as a close relative of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Summary

Introduction

Lipidomic profiling methods reflect the lipid status of a phenotype at a particular time point [1,2,3]and are valuable tools to improve the understanding the biological roles of lipids. Several studies have shown that organisms like the yeast S. cerevisiae can tolerate great changes in their lipid composition, compensating for example for the absence of one lipid by overproduction of another, without notable effects on their viability [5,6]. It should be easy to handle and if necessary, easy to manipulate Another important criterion is a detailed knowledge on gene, protein and lipid biosynthesis, which enables to fill gaps in the understanding of a complex biological network. Such a suitable eukaryotic organism is yeast, as it fulfills all the requirements listed above [8,9]

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Conclusion