Abstract
Insecticides are chemicals or biological substances that are used to kill or disable insects. Blood feeding mosquitoes are responsible for the intolerable biting nuisance and transmission of large number of diseases such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, filarias is amongst others, causing serious health problems to humans and obstacles to socioeconomic development of developing nations like Nigeria. The insecticidal effect of scent leaves (Ocimum gratissum) and Rambo™ paper on mosquitoes was investigated. The study is aimed at comparing the insecticidal effects of Ocimum gratissimum and Rambo™ paper on mosquitoes in Jos. 100 mosquitoes were exposed to dried Ocimum gratissum and Rambo™ paper at different time intervals of 5, 10 and 12 min. Results obtained showed a time dependent insecticidal effect on mosquitoes, which was 54.2%, 54.0% and 55.6% total mortality of mosquitoes at respective time intervals on exposures to both Rambo™ paper insecticide and Osimum gratissum, indicating that there was a significant difference in the lethal effect of Rambo™ paper insecticide and scent leave on mosquitoes at (p<0.05). In comparing the lethal effect of Rambo™ paper insecticide and Ocimum grasstisimum on mosquitoes at differnt locations in Jos, at Dogon Karfe, after 10 min of treatment, Rambo™ paper had the highest lethal effect of 21 (84.0%) compared to scent leaves 6 (24.0%) and at Abattoir Jos, after 12 min of treatment, Rambo™ paper had the highest lethal effect of 17 (94.4%) compared to Ocimum grasstisimum 3 (16.7%). These comparisons were significant at p 0.05. This study provides evidence that Ocimum grasstisimum has a mosquitocidal effect. However, the Rambo™ paper gave a better mosquitocidal effect than Ocimum grasstisimum. There is a need to discover better additive or extract options that could give Ocimum grasstisimum a better effect as a natural product available in Africa towards the malaria eradication programme.
Highlights
The arrival of an effective and durable human malaria vaccines that could eliminate Plasmodium spp. [1] especially in Nigeria is highly sought
The objective of this study is to determine the insecticidal effects of scent leaves (Ocimum gratissimum) and comparatively find the effect in relation to RamboTM paper on mosquitoes in Jos
The results obtained from this study showed that insecticidal effects of dry scent leave and Rambo paper on mosquitoes in Jos
Summary
The arrival of an effective and durable human malaria vaccines that could eliminate Plasmodium spp. [1] especially in Nigeria is highly sought. Notwithstanding, the population and remove nature of Nigerian regions may pose threat to vaccine coverage on arrival. This gives an impetus to applying every available and effective means of mosquito control not leaving out the integrated vector management [2,3]. One of the important aspects of the fight against malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases is the prevention of mosquito-man contact in reducing or curbing the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. Several efforts have been made to prevent and or reduce mosquito contact with a man [4,5,6] Some of these efforts include the use of untreated mosquito nets, treated mosquito nets and treated clothing for outdoor lovers and synthetic chemical irritants (insecticides)
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