Comparative immunomodulatory effects of jelly royal and 10-H2DA on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder indicated by central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, which is earned to the attitude of autoreactive T cells with their own myelin proteins, contributing to physical ailment and paralysis. Royal jelly (RJ) and its main ingredient fatty acids 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-H2DA), which is the unique diet of queen honeybees. The broad range of pharmacological properties RJ and 10-H2DA have been reported, although the immunomodulatory effects are crudely understood. Female C57/BL6 mice were inoculated with the synthetic MOG35–55, clinical scores were observed daily for the 25 days. Mice sacrificed and their brains and splenocytes collected and then brain demyelination and lymphocyte infiltration, proliferation, profiles of cytokine and gene expression were determined respectively by H&E, LFB, BrdU, ELISA, and Real-time PCR tests. Our data demonstrated that RJ and 10-H2DA prohibited the development of EAE. Histological investigations revealed that in reduction leukocyte infiltration and demyelination in the CNS of treated groups. 10-H2DA and RJ had dose-dependent inhibitory effects on the release of the inflammatory mediators in comparison to the control group and deferred the onset of EAE, by suppressing the immune response primarily through altering Th17 and Th1 cell polarization. In summary, we demonstrated that RJ and 10-H2DA treatment have been able to effectively promote the clinical manifestations and prevent the disease onset in EAE. Overall, these results provide new evidence for using RJ against inflammatory disorders and support the potential therapeutic effect of RJ and 10-H2DA for MS.