Abstract
Background. Neoangiogenesis provides trophic support for neoplastic cells, thus being an integral part of carcinogenesis. However, the features of neoangiogenesis in the most common distal colonic polyps and carcinoma are not completely studied yet. Objective. To compare VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, CD34 expression levels in distal colonic polyps and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Methods. Pathomorphological and immunohistochemical studies of biopsies of distal colonic polyps from 30 patients and surgical material of colorectal adenocarcinoma from 40 patients were carried out. Results. Distal colonic polyps are characterized by medium and low levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 and CD34 expression. Wherein, VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression levels in adenomas are significantly higher than the same indicators in hyperplastic polyps: 25,51 (15,25 ; 30,19) vs. 12,82 (10,85 ; 15,00) CUOD and 47,18 (42,02 ; 62,13) vs. 37,08 (30,19 ; 45,12) CUOD, accordingly, p < 0,05. Comparative analysis of the data, obtained for distal colonic polyps and colorectal adenocarcinoma of the I stage shows significant difference between these groups by indicators of VEGF-A expression level and microvascular density, evaluated by CD34 expression. So, VEGF-A expression level in carcinoma of the I stage significantly higher the same indicator in adenomas and hyperplastic polyps: 37,80 (30,22; 56,89) vs. 25,51 (15,25 ; 30,19) CUOD and 37,80 (30,22; 56,89) vs. 12,82 (10,85 ; 15,00) CUOD, accordingly, p < 0,05. Microvascular density is significantly higher in non-invasive cancer in comparison to the polyps: 91,50 (51,00; 111,00) vs. 47,00 (33,00 ; 54,00) (adenomas) and 91,50 (51,00; 111,00) vs. 46,00 (30,00 ; 55,00) (hyperplastic polyps), p < 0,05. Conclusion . Adenomas in comparison to hyperplastic polyps are differ by significantly higher VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression levels, while colorectal adenocarcinoma of the I stage in comparison to distal colonic polyps differs by significantly higher VEGF-A and CD34 expression expression levels. Activation of neoangiogenesis occurs at the stage of transformation of distal colon polyps into non-invasive cancer.
Highlights
VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression levels in adenomas are significantly higher than the same indicators in hyperplastic polyps: 25,51 (15,25 ; 30,19) vs. 12,82 (10,85 ; 15,00) CUOD and 47,18 (42,02 ; 62,13) vs. 37,08 (30,19 ; 45,12) CUOD, p < 0,05
Microvascular density is significantly higher in noninvasive cancer in comparison to the polyps: 91,50 (51,00; 111,00) vs. 47,00 (33,00 ; 54,00) and 91,50 (51,00; 111,00) vs. 46,00 (30,00 ; 55,00), p < 0,05
Adenomas in comparison to hyperplastic polyps are differ by significantly higher VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression levels, while colorectal adenocarcinoma of the I stage in comparison to distal colonic polyps differs by significantly higher VEGF-A and CD34 expression expression levels
Summary
To compare VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, CD34 expression levels in distal colonic polyps and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Distal colonic polyps are characterized by medium and low levels of VEGF-A, VEGFR-2 and CD34 expression. При этом в современной литературе не было найдено работ, посвященных сравнению экспрессии маркеров ангиогенеза в наиболее распространенных полипах дистального толстого кишечника и карциноме, что может послужить прояснению механизмов ранних стадий колоректального канцерогенеза. Окрашенных с использованием антител к VEGF, VEGFR-1 и VEGFR-2 оценивали уровень экспрессии методом фотоцифровой морфометрии. Сравнительный анализ данных, полученных при изучении полипов указывает на наличие достоверной разницы между уровнями экспрессии маркеров VEGF-A и VEGFR-2 в гиперпластических полипах и аденомах дистальной толстой кишки В результате проведенного ИГХ исследования колоректальной аденокарциномы установлено, что показатели экспрессии маркеров ангиогенеза варьируют от низких до высоких Таблица 2 Медианы экспрессии VEGF-A, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, CD34 в колоректальной аденокарциноме на I, II, III и IV стадиях развития
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