Abstract
Background and Aim:Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most important viral cause of enteritis and mortality in pups. Evaluation and monitoring of pre- and post-vaccine immune responses may help to determine the efficacy of the current vaccination schedule being followed in pups in India. This study aimed to evaluate and monitor the pre- and post-vaccine immune responses of CPV vaccinated pups using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. The neutralizing antibody titer levels were also detected using serum neutralization test (SNT).Materials and Methods:The pups were categorized into two groups, the double booster and the single booster groups. In this study, serum samples were subjected to HI and SNT for measuring the CPV antibody titer at frequent intervals for up to 6 months from 27 healthy pups following primary and booster CPV vaccinations.Results:The antibody titers in double booster pups reached their peaks at the 21st day after the second booster vaccination with a geometric mean (GM) of 3.57. The antibody titers in single booster pups reached their peaks at the 21st day after the first booster vaccination with a lower GM of 3.18.Conclusion:The double booster pups maintained a higher immune response throughout the period of the study compared to single booster pups though the difference in titers was not statistically significant. SNT results indicated that the raised antibody titer was also able to yield virus-neutralizing antibodies. No interfering maternally derived antibodies were found in the pups at the age of primary vaccination (45th day) in our study. Therefore, the second booster vaccination may be useful in maintaining the protective titer for a prolonged period.
Highlights
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important pathogenic virus and is the causative agent of acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis in dogs
The double booster pups maintained a higher immune response throughout the period of the study compared to single booster pups though the difference in titers was not statistically significant
Serum samples were subjected to hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and serum neutralization test (SNT) for measuring the CPV antibody titers from 27 healthy pups following primary and booster CPV vaccinations
Summary
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important pathogenic virus and is the causative agent of acute hemorrhagic enteritis and myocarditis in dogs. It is highly contagious and often a fatal disease. Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most important viral cause of enteritis and mortality in pups. Evaluation and monitoring of pre- and post-vaccine immune responses may help to determine the efficacy of the current vaccination schedule being followed in pups in India. The neutralizing antibody titer levels were detected using serum neutralization test (SNT)
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