Abstract
BackgroundBactrocera dorsalis is a destructive polyphagous and highly invasive insect pest of tropical and subtropical species of fruit and vegetable crops. The sterile insect technique (SIT) has been used for decades to control insect pests of agricultural, veterinary, and human health importance. Irradiation of pupae in SIT can reduce the ecological fitness of the sterile insects. Our previous study has shown that a gut bacterial strain BD177 that could restore ecological fitness by promoting host food intake and metabolic activities.ResultsUsing long-read sequence technologies, we assembled the complete genome of K. michiganensis BD177 strain. The complete genome of K. michiganensis BD177 comprises one circular chromosome and four plasmids with a GC content of 55.03%. The pan-genome analysis was performed on 119 genomes (strain BD177 genome and 118 out of 128 published Klebsiella sp. genomes since ten were discarded). The pan-genome includes a total of 49305 gene clusters, a small number of 858 core genes, and a high number of accessory (10566) genes. Pan-genome and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis showed that BD177 is more similar to the type strain K. michiganensis DSM2544, while away from the type strain K. oxytoca ATCC13182. Comparative genome analysis with 21 K. oxytoca and 12 K. michiganensis strains, identified 213 unique genes, several of them related to amino acid metabolism, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism in BD177 genome.ConclusionsPhylogenomics analysis reclassified strain BD177 as a member of the species K. michiganensis. Comparative genome analysis suggested that K. michiganensis BD177 has the strain-specific ability to provide three essential amino acids (phenylalanine, tryptophan and methionine) and two vitamins B (folate and riboflavin) to B. dorsalis. The clear classification status of BD177 strain and identification of unique genetic characteristics may contribute to expanding our understanding of the symbiotic relationship of gut microbiota and B. dorsalis.
Highlights
Bactrocera dorsalis is a destructive polyphagous and highly invasive insect pest of tropical and subtropical species of fruit and vegetable crops
The de novo assembly resulted in five contigs, representing the K. michiganensis BD177 complete genome of 6,812,698 bp with GC content 55.03% in a single chromosome and four plasmids
Genetic potential of BD177 for a symbiotic relationship Based on the pan-genome analysis of 119 Klebsiella sp. strains, we focused on the genomic relatedness of K. michiganensis BD177, 21 K. oxytoca, and 12 K. michiganensis strains
Summary
Bactrocera dorsalis is a destructive polyphagous and highly invasive insect pest of tropical and subtropical species of fruit and vegetable crops. Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a destructive polyphagous and highly invasive insect pest of tropical and subtropical species of fruit and vegetable crops. SIT may have some limitations related to the ecological fitness of sterile male adult flies due to domestication, mass-rearing, irradiation, and handling [11]. These procedures impact the tephritid gut microbiome, with detrimental effects on physiology, behavior, and fitness [12, 13]. The deleterious impact on the ecological fitness of the released insects has been one of the most considerable issues of SIT applications [11, 14]
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