Abstract
The large and complex genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which consists of significant portions (up to 20%) of transferable genetic elements contributes to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance. The whole genome sequences of 22 strains isolated from eye and cystic fibrosis patients in Australia and India between 1992 and 2007 were used to compare genomic divergence and phylogenetic relationships as well as genes for antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. Analysis of the pangenome indicated a large variation in the size of accessory genome amongst 22 stains and the size of the accessory genome correlated with number of genomic islands, insertion sequences and prophages. The strains were diverse in terms of sequence type and dissimilar to that of global epidemic P. aeruginosa clones. Of the eye isolates, 62% clustered together within a single lineage. Indian eye isolates possessed genes associated with resistance to aminoglycoside, beta-lactams, sulphonamide, quaternary ammonium compounds, tetracycline, trimethoprims and chloramphenicols. These genes were, however, absent in Australian isolates regardless of source. Overall, our results provide valuable information for understanding the genomic diversity of P. aeruginosa isolated from two different infection types and countries.
Highlights
This study aims to compare the genomic diversity between P. aeruginosa strains from microbial keratitis (MK) and cystic fibrosis (CF) isolated in Australia and India
Amongst 82 complete genomes of P. aeruginosa listed in the Pseudomonas genome database (PGDB)[28], PA92 has the lowest and PA37 has the second highest number of coding sequences (CDS)
This study compared the genomic variations between Australian and Indian P. aeruginosa isolates from ocular infections
Summary
The large and complex genome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which consists of significant portions (up to 20%) of transferable genetic elements contributes to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance. Several reports have shown that the prevalence of such infections by multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains is increasing rapidly worldwide[6,7,8,9], which makes this bacterium difficult to treat and there is a high risk of mortality associated with infection by P. aeruginosa[10]. This pathogen has an exceptional capacity to develop resistance to antibiotics by the selection for genomic mutations and by exchange of transferable resistance determinants[11]. Accessory genomes are strain specific blocks of DNA and can occupy up to
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