Abstract
While the genus Streptomyces (family Streptomycetaceae) has been studied as a model for bacterial secondary metabolism and genetics, its close relatives have been less studied. The genus Kitasatospora is the second largest genus in the family Streptomycetaceae. However, its taxonomic position within the family remains under debate and the secondary metabolic potential remains largely unclear. Here, we performed systematic comparative genomic and phylogenomic analyses of Kitasatospora. Firstly, the three genera within the family Streptomycetaceae (Kitasatospora, Streptomyces, and Streptacidiphilus) showed common genomic features, including high G + C contents, high secondary metabolic potentials, and high recombination frequencies. Secondly, phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses revealed phylogenetic distinctions and genome content differences among these three genera, supporting Kitasatospora as a separate genus within the family. Lastly, the pan-genome analysis revealed extensive genetic diversity within the genus Kitasatospora, while functional annotation and genome content comparison suggested genomic differentiation among lineages. This study provided new insights into genomic characteristics of the genus Kitasatospora, and also uncovered its previously underestimated and complex secondary metabolism.
Highlights
The genus Kitasatospora belongs to the family Streptomycetaceae, a high GC multicellular actinobacterial taxon with a complex mycelial life cycle (Goodfellow et al, 2012; Takahashi, 2017)
Using 138 single-copy actinobacterial marker genes, we examined the phylogenetic relatedness of the entire family Streptomycetaceae (Figure 1)
Phylogenomic analysis indicated that this strain was more closely related to Kitasatospora
Summary
The genus Kitasatospora belongs to the family Streptomycetaceae, a high GC multicellular actinobacterial taxon with a complex mycelial life cycle (Goodfellow et al, 2012; Takahashi, 2017). The morphological characteristic of these three genera is rather similar, while Kitasatospora is clearly different from the other two in the matter of its cell wall composition as it contains LL- and meso-diaminopimelic acid (DAP), glycine and galactose (Omura et al, 1982; Takahashi, 2017). The taxonomy status of the genus Kitasatospora has been considered controversial for many years (Omura et al, 1982; Wellington et al, 1992; Zhang et al, 1997). More than 33 species in the genus Kitasatospora are validly published, many of which have been identified in recent years (Parte, 2018)
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