Comparative genetic characteristics of microsatellite profile of holstein and purebred kholmogorsky bulls

Abstract

Relevance. Due to widespread metisation the Kholmogorskaya breed is on the verge of complete extinction, which requires the development of measures aimed at preserving not only the animals themselves, but also their genetic diversity. Microsatellites can be considered the most convenient for analyzing the genetic state of a population, due to the high level of their polymorphism.Methods. The material for genetic examination was cryocon-served sperm of bulls-producers belonging to the RSUP «Komi» for breeding work (Syktyvkar). Samples from 64 pure-bred Kholmogorsky and 36 with different levels of Holstein breeding bulls were selected for analysis. The allelic structure of STR markers was determined in the laboratory of DNA technologies of FGBNU «VNIIplem». The genetic and statistical analysis was carried out according to the methods generally accepted in biology and animal science.Results. Among purebred bulls 9 privat-alleles were identified, and in crossbreed producers — 13. The most polymorphic among Holstein animals were loci TGLA122 (Na = 10) and TGLA227 (Na = 11), in purebred animals — TGLA227 (Na = 9) and TGLA53 (Na = 10). The maximum correspondence between the number of actual and effective alleles was observed at the BM1824 locus, and the minimum at TGLA227. The Shannon index was the highest for the locus TGLA122 (2,046) in crossbreeds and for TGLA53 (2,011) in purebred bulls, and the lowest for BM1818 (1,050 and 1,174). The diversity of the allelofund of the analyzed loci in the metalized animals was slightly higher (by 0.26). The average fixation index in crossbreeds deviated towards a slight deficit of heterozygosity (0.017), and in purebred bulls an excess (-0.025). The greatest genetic relationship between the two samples was observed at the SPS115 locus (0.996), and the smallest at CSSM66 (0.827).