Comparative Evaluation of Tocolytic Efficacy on Oral Nifedipine Tablet vs. Transdermal Nitroglycerine Patch in Preterm Labor

Abstract

Because preterm labour is linked to poor outcomes for newborns, it is a major concern in obstetrics. Tocolytic medicines are used to improve foetal outcomes and delay preterm birth. Oral nifedipine and transdermal nitroglycerine are compared for tocolytic efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness in premature labour control. A randomised controlled trial included 200 preterm-risk pregnant women. One group received transdermal nitroglycerine and the other oral nifedipine. Minimum 48-hour delivery delay was the main consequence. Secondary outcomes included neonatal outcomes, mother side effects, cost analysis, and adverse events. Oral nifedipine and transdermal nitroglycerine had similar effective delivery delay (p = 0.076). Adverse events, side effects, and neonatal outcomes were similar between groups. The cost investigation found no significant differences in direct medical expenses. The data suggest oral nifedipine and transdermal nitroglycerine are viable tocolytics. Clinicians can choose a treatment strategy based on each patient's individual traits and preferences. These drugs' safety and efficacy emphasise the importance of maternal monitoring. Its cost-equivalency allows healthcare institutions to prioritise patients without economic constraints. The findings contribute to the debate over preterm labour management and emphasise the necessity for patient-centered care in pregnant women.