Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare a parallel wall design implant to a tapered apex design implant when placed in the posterior maxilla using two different surgical protocols.MethodsTwenty-seven patients (30 implants) were divided into three groups. All implants were 4 mm wide in diameter and 8 mm long.Group A received 10 tapered implants (OSPTX) (Astra Tech OsseoSpeed TX™) using the soft bone surgical protocol (TXSoft).Group B received 10 tapered implants (OSPTX) (AstraTech OsseoSpeedTX™) using the standard surgical protocol (TXStd).Group C received 10 parallel wall implants (OSP) (AstraTech OsseoSpeed™) using the standard surgical protocol (OStd).All implants were placed in the posterior maxilla in areas with a minimum of 8-mm crestal bone height.Resonance frequency measurements (implant stability quotient (ISQ)) and torque values were recorded to determine initial implant stability. All implants were uncovered 6 weeks after placement and restored with a functionally loaded resin provisional screw-retained crown. Resonance frequency measurements were recorded at the time of implant placement, at 6 weeks and 6 and 12 months. Twelve months after implant placement, the stability of the implants was recorded and the final restorations were placed using custom CAD/CAM fabricated abutments and cement-retained PFM DSIGN porcelain crowns. After implant restoration, bone levels were measured at 6 and 12 months with standardized radiographs.ResultsRadiographic mean bone loss was less than 0.5 mm in all groups, with no statistically significant differences between the groups. Implant survival rate at 1 year was 93.3%, with 2/30 implants failing to integrate prior to functional loading at 6 weeks. No statistically significant difference was found between ISQ measurements between the three groups at all time intervals measured. Strong positive correlations were found between overall bone loss at 6 months and insertion torque at time of placement. A very weak correlation was found between insertion torque and ISQ values at time of implant placement.ConclusionsSurvival and stability of OSPTX and OSP implants is comparable. Osteotomy preparation by either standard or soft bone surgical protocol presented no significant effect on implant survival and stability for the specific implant designs.
Highlights
The purpose of this study was to compare a parallel wall design implant to a tapered apex design implant when placed in the posterior maxilla using two different surgical protocols
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial stability of the OsseoSpeed TXTM1 tapered implant (OSPTX) and to compare it to the standard OsseoSpeedTM1 parallel walled implant (OSP) as well as to compare the soft bone and standard surgical protocols
When evaluating the correlation between torque values at the time of implant placement, a strong positive correlation was found with overall bone loss at 6 months (r = 0.7995) and with ISQ at 6 weeks (r = 0.9078)
Summary
The purpose of this study was to compare a parallel wall design implant to a tapered apex design implant when placed in the posterior maxilla using two different surgical protocols. The therapeutic goal of dental implants is to support restorations that replace single or multiple missing teeth so as to provide patient comfort, function, and esthetics as well as assist in the ongoing maintenance of remaining intraoral and perioral structures. Anatomic limitations such as the maxillary sinus may limit the amount of bone available to place traditional length implants (>10 mm). Tapered implant design further enhances primary implant stability, especially in the posterior maxilla where bone quality is usually poor [10,11,12]
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