Comparative Evaluation of the Proximate Composition, Anti-Nutrients and Functional Properties of Some Underutilized Pulses

N Okechukwu-Ezike ,Jane Munonye ,A C Esiegwu

doi:10.7176/fsqm/95-08

Abstract

Comparative evaluation of nutritional, functional and anti-nutritional composition of black-eyed beans, black- turtle beans ( ak idi oji ) and brown turtle beans ( akidi uhie ). The moisture content of the samples ranged from 7.86% for black beans sample to 8.66% for black-eyed beans sample. Crude protein content of the samples ranged from 19.54% for black-eyed beans to 22.62% for black beans. The protein content of the beans samples were significantly different (p≤0.05). The black beans sample had the highest protein content. Fat content of the beans samples ranged from 9.71% for black-eyed beans to 12.62% for black beans, while brown beans flour was 10.26%.The fat content of the samples were significantly different (p≤ 0.05). The swelling index of the samples was significantly different at (P>0.05). Saponin content of beans flour samples were 0.67mg/100g for black-eyed beans, 1.62mg/100g for black beans and 1.47mg/100g, for brown beans. The oven drying employed during processing led to the reduction of trypsin inhibitors. The alkaloid content of the beans flour samples were 0.27mg/100g for black-eyed beans, 0.34mg/100g for black beans and 0.22mg/100g for brown beans. The tannin content of the samples evaluated of the beans flour samples were 1.24mg/100g for black-eyed beans, 1.65mg/100g for black beans 1.47mg/100g for brown bean. The black beans sample had the highest value of proximate composition among the beans samples measured in terms of; protein, fat, ash and crude fiber contents. The research recommends increase in propagation and consumption of the black eyed beans. Keywords: Black eyed beans, Black and Brown turtle beans, anti-nutrient DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/95-08 Publication date: March 31 st 2020

Highlights

Legumes refer to the seeds of leguminosae including beans, peas and pulses which are plant sources of protein for both the high and low income earners
The Crude protein content of the samples ranged from 19.54% for black-eyed beans to 22.62% for black turtle beans
The black turtle beans sample had the highest protein content which could be attributed to the amino acid composition of the sample

Summary

Introduction

Legumes refer to the seeds of leguminosae including beans, peas and pulses which are plant sources of protein for both the high and low income earners. Vigna unguiculata (Black-eyed beans) is a legume of the family Fabaceae which grows annually in a warm climate with adequate rainfall (Duke, 2006). Black-eyed beans are loaded with various types of nutrients. They are rich in fiber, protein, iron, potassium, low in fat and calories, containing various amino acids such as tryptophan, histidine, methionine and lysine, (Eka, 2016). Black-eyed beans possess the calcium, manganese and phosphorus which are vital minerals to maintain the strength and structure of bones. Black-eyed beans assist in the mineral density of bones that prevents bone break, fracture and osteoporosis, ensuring healthy bones. It is a must to balance the calcium and phosphorus levels in the body through consumption of black-eyed beans (Oyewole, 2006)

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