Comparative evaluation of the Clearing technique and Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in assessing the root canal morphology of Mandibular First Premolars in the Bengali Population: An in-vitro study

Abstract

Complete knowledge of the root canal anatomy is of prime importance for a successful endodontic treatment. Amongst the permanent teeth, the mandibular first premolar poses a challenge to the clinician due to its morphologic variations. The present study aimed to evaluate the root canal morphology of the mandibular first premolars according to Vertucci’s classification using clearing and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) techniques. Material and Methods 100 mandibular first premolars extracted due to orthodontic purposes were scanned using CBCT. Following this the teeth samples were accessed, debrided with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, decalcified using 5% nitric acid, and then dehydrated with increasing concentrations of isopropyl alcohol. Finally, the tooth samples were cleared with methyl salicylate solution and injected with methylene blue dye to allow canal visualization. Data obtained was analyzed by the weighted Kappa(κ) coefficient at a 5% significance level. Results Vertucci’s Type I followed by Type V had the highest prevalent rates according to both techniques. Seven samples were found that could not be classified under Vertucci’s system. 84% of the cases were classified similarly by both techniques(κ=0.82). Conclusions CBCT showed an almost perfect agreement with that of the clearing technique and can be a viable diagnostic modality to diagnose canal morphology. Key Words Clearing, Cone-beam computed tomography, Premolars, Root canal morphology