Comparative Evaluation of Routine Laboratory Tests (Based on Cell Ratios) in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Coronavirus Infection and Acute Pulmonary Non-Coronavirus Infection in Zabol City

Abstract

Background: Acute respiratory infections are caused by a wide range of viruses. Respiratory spread is the main process of disease transmission. In this study we evaluated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) indices.
 Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on patients-files between September 2019 and March 2021. 102 patients were evaluated. 26 men and 30 women were included in the acute coronary group, 16 men and 30 women were included in the non-acute coronary group.
 Results: The mean age of women (53.0 ± 1.9) was higher than that of men (50.2 ± 2.02) in the acute COVID-19 group. The mean NLR index in COVID-19 men (1.65 ± 7.47) was higher than non- COVID-19 men (6.7 ± 1.54). It was also higher in COVID-19 women (10.78 ± 2.54) than non- COVID-19 women (7.9 ± 1.24) (p value > 0.05).The PLR index of COVID-19 men (15.43 ± 2.85) was lower than non- COVID-19 men (15.48 ± 3.48). However, this index was lower in COVID-19 women (22.5 ± 3.36) than non- COVID-19 women (25.2 ± 4.2) (p value > 0.05). The mean of MLR index in COVID-19 men (0.16 ± 0.025) was less than that in COVID-19 women (0.26 ± 0.03) (p value > 0.05). The mean MLR index in non- COVID-19 men (0.22 ± 0.04) was lower than that in non- COVID-19 women (0.23 ± 0.02) (p value > 0.05). The mean MLR index in the COVID-19 men (0.16 ± 0.025) was lower than non- COVID-19 men (0.22 ± 0.04). This index was higher in COVID-19 women (0.26 ± 0.03) than non- COVID-19 women (0.23 ± 0.02) (p value > 0.05).
 Conclusion: The changes in NLR, PLR and MLR indices were in accordance with global studies but were not significant. This may be due to immune responses of patients and laboratory errors (sampling and performing techniques).