Comparative evaluation of methods of mathematical and graphical modeling of dental arches in physiological and pathological variants of occlusion (literature review)

Abstract

An important step in the development of modern orthodontics in the treatment of patients with dental anomalies and deformities is the achievement of a balanced balance between morphology, function and aesthetics, that is, an individual harmonious state in the maxillofacial region. Determining the optimal form of the dental arch, which will correspond to the individual parameters of the patient, will normalize occlusal relationships, improve morphological, functional and aesthetic results, reducing the likelihood of recurrence of occlusal pathology. The purpose of this work was to analyze the modern literature on the issue of the currently existing classical and modern methods of mathematical and graphical modeling of dental arches in various physiological and pathological conditions of the maxillofacial region. From a critical point of view, the advantages and disadvantages of each of the presented methods are considered. To date, significant theoretical and clinical material has been accumulated, aiming for further research using computer technology, taking into account the individual parameters of the gnathic part of the face. The opinions of experts are inclined to believe that before modeling the shape of the predicted dental arch, it is necessary to determine the dental and arcade type of the dental arch and its correspondence to the diagonal and gnathic type of the face of the same name.