Comparative Evaluation of Growth Factor Concentrations Between PRF Membranes Amongst Type-2 Diabetics - A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Platelet Rich Fibrin PRF surgical biological substitute harnesses cells with growth factors and cytokines in platelets for enhanced regeneration and tissue repair. The innovation in the low-speed centrifugation concept is the Advanced-PRF. However the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on PRF has not been explored till date. Hence this study was carried out to compare growth factor levels in Leukocyte and Platelet Rich Fibrin L-PRF Advanced- Platelet Rich Fibrin A-PRF and A-PRF amongst diabetic individuals.Methods Venous blood was drawn for the analysis of HbA1c CBC platelet indices and PRF membrane preparation. A total of 90 PRF membranes L-PRF A-PRF and A-PRF from healthy well-controlled and poorly controlled diabetics were subjected to assessment of growth factor release of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor VEGF Insulin Growth Factor IGF and Fibroblast Growth Factor FGF-21 at days 1 3 and 7. The independent t-test one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to statistically analyze the data.Results A significantly higher platelet index and growth factor VEGF IGF-1 FGF-21 release in diabetics from A-PRF in comparison with A-PRF and L-PRF at days 1 3 and 7 were seen. This was significantly higher in the poorly controlled diabetic group p lt0.05. These findings were found to be positively related to platelet indices and HbA1c levels.Conclusion A-PRF of diabetics demonstrated a higher growth factor release over a period of 7 days suggesting its usage as regenerative material.