Comparative evaluation of genotoxic effect in subjects with chronic periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aims: The aim of the study was to compare the genotoxic effect by assessing the micronucleus frequency (MNF), as a biomarker for DNA damage, in subjects with chronic periodontitis with and without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods and Material: For the study, a total of 65 subjects were take and divided into three groups. Group A included 30 subjects with Generalised Chronic Periodontitis, Group Bincluded 30 Subjects with Chronic Periodontitis with type 2 diabetes mellitus and Group C included 5 systemically and periodontally healthy subjects. Periodontal clinical examination was carried out. A slide was prepared using the blood sample collected from the subjects which was fixed in 5% geimsa solution and was observed under the microscope. Later the scoring of micronuclei was done. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were carried out in the present study. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to find the significance of study parameters and test the equality of three or more means of more than two groups. Tukey’s post hoc analysis was used to compare parameters of each and every group. Results: The mean score of the micronuclei observed in group A, B and C were 10.23, 14.87 and 1 respectively i.e. group B showed significantly greater damage than other two groups. Conclusions: It was concluded that the score of micronucleus frequency may be considered as an important biomarker of genotoxic damage that is DNA damage in subjects with chronic localised as well as systemic diseases like type 2 diabetes, as well as Periodontal diseases.