Comparative evaluation of four types of orthodontic miniscrews in high angle and low angle cases during en mass retraction – A 6 months follow up in vivo study

Abstract

: To determine the stability and retraction achieved after 6 months of placement of four types of Orthodontic Miniscrews (TADs) in low angle and high angle cases during en masse anterior retraction.: 4 different interradicular miniscrews [FavAnchor (Favourite Supplies), VectorTAS (Ormco), JJ Orthodontics, SK Surgicals] of similar dimensions were placed on the 4 quadrants of maxilla and mandible in 20 patients (10 High Angle and 10 Low Angle) undergoing all I premolar extraction requiring group-A Anchorage and retraction was done using 0.019 x 0.025 Stainless Steel archwire closed coil NiTi springs for 6 months. OPG and Lateral cephalogram was taken before and immediately after 6 months of loading. The retraction, stability and maxillary anterior intrusion achieved by the miniscrews was assessed by measuring the distance of movement occurred in 6 months between marked landmarks before and after retraction.: The most efficient miniscrew in high angle cases was found to be Vector TAS (Retraction=6.11±0.202mm, Displacement=1.40±0.37mm) followed by Favanchor (Displacement=6.00±0.41mm, 1.25±0.44mm) in both maxilla and mandible. Similarly, in low angle cases it was Favanchor (Retraction=6.04±0.24mm, Displacement=0.99±0.46mm) followed by Vector TAS (Retraction=5.91±0.36mm, Displacement=.095±0.35mm) in both maxilla and mandible. There is miniscrew failure with a significant percentage of 1.87% excluding which, there was no statistic difference in the displacement in High angle as well as Low angle cases, whereas, with the inclusion of failure, there is statistically significant difference in the stability. The least efficient in retraction and stability were SK Surgicals and JJ Orthodontics.: There is significant difference in the stability and retraction among the four miniscrews used in High angle and Low angle as well as Maxilla and Mandible owing to the density of the bone at the implant site and the soft tissue present apart from the material and make of individual miniscrew systems.