Comparative Evaluation of Chemerin and Visfatin Levels in Saliva of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinicobiochemical Study

Abstract

Background and Aims Chronic periodontitis and diabetes are common chronic diseases which shows bidirectional relationship. There is an increased expression of immune response mediators between diseased and healthy controls and may represent a possible explanation for the association between the two diseases. The study aimed to i detect biomarkers chemerin and visfatin in saliva ii assess their levels in patients with and without chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 80 subjects were randomly selected and divided into four groups 20 in each. Periodontal status was examined using the Plaque index PI Gingival index GI Probing pocket depth PPD and Clinical attachment level CAL. Fasting blood sugar FBS levels and HbA1c assay were assessed to establish the diabetic status of the individual. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected for chemerin and visfatin assessment using ELISA. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict the salivary chemerin and visfatin levels using clinical amp diagnostic parameters in each group. The level of significance p-value was set at p lt0.05.Results Periodontal clinical parameters PI GI PPD CAL were recorded higher in test groups when compared to control group p lt0.05. Salivary chemerin and visfatin levels were highest in group 4 followed by group 2 group 3 and group 1.Conclusion Human salivary chemerin and visfatin can be considered as potential biomarkers for inflammatory periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prospective studies with larger sample size and other populations are warranted to explore the diagnostic applicability of these markers.nbsp