Abstract
Though aloe vera extract, green tea extract and coriander oil are proven antimicrobial agents, very little information is available regarding its effects on oral bacteria, Streptococcus mutans,which is responsible for initiating caries and Enterococcus faecalis, responsible for failure of root canal treatment. Objective: To find the antimicrobial activity of aloe vera extract, black tea extract and coriander oil against S. mutans and E. faecalis. Materials and Methods: The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera extract, black tea extract and coriander oil. Different concentration of prepared plant extracts and coriander seed oil (50 & 100 µl) was incorporated into the wells and the plates containing S. mutans and E. faecalis were incubated at 37 ºC for 24h. The antibiotic (amoxicillin 30 µl) was used as positive control. Zone Of Inhibition (ZOI) was recorded in each plate. Results: For S. mutans, the maximum ZOI was created by coriander oil with a diameter of 25.00±0.58 mm at 50 µl and for E. faecalis, maximum ZOI was created by aloe vera extract 16.00±0.58 mm at 100 µl concentration which were far better than the control: amoxicillin 30 µl concentration. Conclusion: The extracts of Aloe vera, black tea and coriander oil, showed significant activity against the investigated microbial strains, Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis which further helps in the development of new topical agents that help in reducing the numbers of these organisms present in the oral cavity. Keywords Oral microbiota; Aloe vera; black tea; coriander oil; E. faecalis; S.mutans.
Highlights
Dental caries is the localised destruction of susceptible dental hard tissues by acidic byproducts from bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates [1,2,3]
Though the above mentioned plant extracts and essential oil are proven antimicrobial agents, very little information is available regarding its effects on oral bacteria
Antibacterial activity of plant extracts against oral pathogens: The agar well diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of Aloe vera extract, black tea extract and coriander oil
Summary
Dental caries is the localised destruction of susceptible dental hard tissues by acidic byproducts from bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates [1,2,3]. Dental caries results from an ecological imbalance in the physiological equilibrium between tooth minerals and oral microbial biofilms [4,5]. Endogenous bacteria, mainly Streptococcus mutans, in the biofilm produce weak organic acids as a by-product of metabolism of fermentable carbohydrates. These weak organic acids reduce the local pH and demineralises the tooth [4,5,6,7,8]. The primary focus of S. mutans virulence is in the oral cavity, it can enter into systemic circulation causing bacteraemia leading to infective endocarditis [9,10]
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