Abstract
BackgroundPresent study was conducted with the aim of evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of silver (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with and without Nd: YAG laser (L) irradiation against experimentally inoculated Enterococcus faecalis in infected human root dentin.Material and Methods120 extracted single rooted human teeth were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 24 hrs. The teeth were then randomly divided into 4 experimental group: AgNPs group: irrigation for 3minutes with 50 μl of 100 ppm, the AuNPs group: irrigation with 50 μl of 100 ppm, the AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 μl of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds, the AuNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group: irrigation with 50 μl of 100 ppm + irradiation with 1.5W laser for 60 seconds. One control group consisting of 2% CHX irrigation for 3 minutes was also there (n = 20). The specimens were collected from the canal before and after irrigation, and colony forming units were observed.ResultsSignificant difference was found among all the groups in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). The greatest reduction in CFU’s was observed with combination of AgNPs & Nd: YAG lasers group.Conclusions AgNPs in combination with Nd: YAG laser irradiation has the potential to be used as root canal disinfectant. Key words:Antibacterial efficacy, gold, silver, nanoparticles, lasers, solid-state.
Highlights
Polymicrobial infection encountered inside the root canal system is one of the major challenge that is faced by an endodontists [1,2]
Various nano particles have been tested against the microbes for their antimicrobial efficacy e.g. silver (Ag), gold (Au), Zinc (Zn) and out of these silver nanoparticles have been found to be the most effective [12]
Evidence suggests the bactericidal effect of Nd: YAG laser against E. faecalis when used in various activation modes at different settings [14,15]
Summary
Polymicrobial infection encountered inside the root canal system is one of the major challenge that is faced by an endodontists [1,2]. Enterococcus faecalis is a gram positive cocci, which is reported to be present in approximately 20-30% of primary infections and 67-77% of secondary infections [3] It has a unique morphological and genetic composition, which enables it to form one of the most resistant biofilm that can resist the action of various antimicrobials used inside the root canal [4]. Chemical disinfection in the form of irrigation and Intracanal medicaments are employed but the resistant microbes in the form of E. faecalis are able to overcome their action resulting in the persistent infection [7]. Present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating antimicrobial efficacy of silver (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) with and without Nd: YAG laser (L) irradiation against experimentally inoculated Enterococcus faecalis in infected human root dentin. Conclusion: AgNPs in combination with Nd: YAG laser irradiation has the potential to be used as root canal disinfectant
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