Comparative Evaluation of a Dynamic Navigation System versus a Three-dimensional Microscope in Retrieving Separated Endodontic Files: An In Vitro Study

Abstract

IntroductionThis study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a dynamic navigation system and a three-dimensional microscope in retrieving broken rotary Nickel-Titanium files when using trepan burs and the extractor system. Materials and MethodsThirty maxillary first bicuspids with 60 separate roots were split into 2 comparable groups based on a comprehensive cone beam computed tomography analysis of the root length and curvature. After standardized access opening, glide paths, and patency attainment with the K file (sizes 10 and 15), the teeth were arranged on 3D models (three per quadrant, six per model). Subsequently, controlled-memory heat-treated Nickel-Titanium rotary files (#25/0.04) were notched 4 mm from the tips and fractured at the apical third of the roots. The C-FR1 Endo file removal system was employed under both guidance to retrieve the fragments, and the success rate, canal aberration, treatment time, and volumetric changes were measured. The statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software at a significance level of 0.05. ResultsThe microscope-guided group had a higher success rate than the dynamic navigation system guidance, but the difference was insignificant (P > .05). In addition, the microscope-guided drills resulted in a substantially lower proportion of canal aberration, shorter time to retrieve the fragments and less change in the root canal volume (P < .05). ConclusionAlthough dynamically guided trephining with the extractor can retrieve separated instruments, it is inferior to three-dimensional microscope guidance regarding treatment time, procedural errors, and volume change.