Comparative estimation of productivity, 1000-kernel weight and grain nature weight of the winter common wheat varieties according to the parameters of ecological adaptability and stability

Abstract

Relevance. The development of highly productive and stable varieties of grain crops has always been and will be the main breeding concern. The productivity of each variety greatly depends on its genotype, however, the formation of its level as a whole and its individual elements is influenced by growing conditions, in particular, weather and climatic conditions. The varieties of the same grain crop differ in different ecological and genetic variability of productivity traits, that affects their adaptability and stability.Methodology. The current study was carried out in the laboratory for breeding and seed production of winter common wheat of intensive type of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”” in the competitive variety testing in 2016–2020. The objects of the study were 9 winter common wheat varieties of intensive type. The standard variety was Ermak. The trials were laid down according to the Dospekhov methodology of a field trial.Results. The current paper presents the data of the five-year (2016–2020) study of 9 winter common wheat varieties of intensive type developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”” in the competitive variety testing. Studying the parameters of ecological adaptability, stability, homeostaticity, there have been identified the varieties Donskaya Step, Razdolie, Zodiak according to productivity. According to grain nature weight there have been identified such varieties as Donskaya Step, Shef, Yubiley Dona, Rubin Dona, Univer. According to 1000-kernel weight the best varieties were Donskaya Step, Yubiley Dona and Nakhodka.