Abstract
A demographic study of dense populations of Carex rostrata Stokes, C. diandra Schrank and C. acutiformis Ehrh. was carried out during two growing seasons in fens of different nutrient status in The Netherlands. The first two species occur in mesotrophic fens and show above-ground biomass maxima between 100 and 350 g m −2, whereas C. acutiformis is found at more eutrophic sites and shows biomass maxima around 550 g m −2. Mean shoot densities (No. shoots m −2) ranged from 210 to 300 for C. rostrata, from 900 to 1700 for C. diandra and from 320 to 760 for C. acutiformis. Mean shoot turnover rates for the three species mentioned (expressed as new shoots formed per shoot present per year) were 1.19, 1,89 and 1.13, respectively, whereas the numbers of leaves produced per shoot per year were 12.4, 9.1 and 12.1. Differences in growth rate over the growing season were proportional to differences in maximum biomass. The total net production divided by the maximum biomass was 2.3 for C. rostrata and C. acutiformis, and 2.7 for C. diandra.
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