Abstract
This randomised controlled laboratory study demonstrated the residual speed of efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (Seresto(®), Bayer) for the control of ticks (Dermacentor variabilis, Amblyomma americanum) at 6 and 12 hours postinfestation on dogs when compared to oral afoxolaner (NexGard(®), Merial). Dogs were randomised by pre-treatment tick counts: Group 1) imidacloprid 10 % (w/w) / flumethrin 4.5 % (w/w) collar, 2) afoxolaner chewable (dosage 3.1 - 6.2 mg/kg), and 3) non-treated controls. Ticks (50/species/dog) were infested on days 3, 14, 21, and 28; live (attached and non-attached) and dead attached ticks were counted 6 and 12 hours later. Efficacy against live D. variabilis at 6 hours for Group 1 was 95 - 100 % and for Group 2 was 38 - 48 %; efficacy at 12 hours for Group 1 was 97 - 100 % and for Group 2 was 27 - 59 %. Efficacy against A. americanum at 6 hours for Group 1 was 94 - 100 % and for Group 2 was < 0 - 38 %; efficacy at 12 hours for Group 1 was 98 - 100 % and for Group 2 was 1 - 40 %. Live and total (total live and dead attached) tick counts in Group 1 against both tick species were significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) than Group 2 and 3 at all time points. The number of live or total ticks on Group 2 dogs was never significantly lower when compared to the respective number of ticks on Group 3 (controls). This study demonstrated that an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar was highly efficacious (94 - 100 %) at repelling and killing ticks on dogs at 6 and 12 hours post-infestation and was more efficacious than afoxolaner on all challenge days.
Highlights
Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum belong to the Ixodidae family of ticks, known as hard ticks due to their hard dorsal surface or scutum
Tick-borne diseases are an emerging infectious threat with ticks acting as the leading source of pathogen transmission to animals (Chomel 2011)
The oral chewable afoxolaner (NexGard®, Merial) was marketed with one month kill efficacy against fleas (C. felis) and ticks (R. sanguineus, D. variabilis, I. scapularis, and A. americanum). This randomised controlled comparative laboratory study was designed to demonstrate the residual speed of efficacy of Seresto® for the control of ticks (D. variabilis and A. americanum) at 6 and 12 hours post-infestation on dogs when compared to 2 competitive products and a non-treated negative control
Summary
Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma americanum belong to the Ixodidae family of ticks, known as hard ticks due to their hard dorsal surface or scutum. The imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (Seresto®, Bayer) has been marketed in the United States since 2013 with 8 month repel and kill efficacy against fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and ticks (Ixodes scapularis, D. variabilis, R. sanguineus, and A. americanum), one month efficacy against chewing lice, and aids in the control and treatment of Sarcoptic mange. The oral chewable afoxolaner (NexGard®, Merial) was marketed with one month kill efficacy against fleas (C. felis) and ticks (R. sanguineus, D. variabilis, I. scapularis, and A. americanum). This randomised controlled comparative laboratory study was designed to demonstrate the residual speed of efficacy of Seresto® for the control of ticks (D. variabilis and A. americanum) at 6 and 12 hours post-infestation on dogs when compared to 2 competitive products and a non-treated negative control.
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