Abstract
Q fever is an acute and self-limited febrile illness caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii. While phase I cellular Q fever vaccines are efficacious in humans, vaccination of immune individuals may result in sterile abscesses and granulomas. The chloroform:methanol residue vaccine (CMR) was developed as a safer alternative. The efficacy of a licensed phase I cellular vaccine (Q-Vax) was compared with that of CMR vaccine in A/J mice and Hartley guinea pigs challenged with virulent phase I C. burnetii by aerosol. Both vaccines were efficacious. The CMR vaccine dose required to protect 50% of mice (PD 50) against lethal aerosol challenge (11 LD 50) was one-third of the Q-Vax dose. However, the PD 50 for CMR was four times the Q-Vax dose in guinea pigs challenged by aerosol (60 LD 50). It was concluded that CMR is an efficacious alternative to cellular Q fever vaccines for the prevention of Q fever. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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